
Birdwatching
South Estonia is quietly one of the best birdwatching destinations in Northern Europe. Lake Peipsi on the Russian border, the Emajõgi floodplains minutes from Tartu, the bogs of Meenikunno – three completely different ecosystems, all within an hour of each other, all on one of Europe’s main migratory flyways.
The numbers speak for themselves. Over 220 species on the Aardla Polder alone. Nearly the entire Bewick’s swan population passing through in autumn. 85,000 geese counted in a single spring season. Most of it with no one else around.
Why South Estonia
The Aardla Polder and Emajõgi floodplain, just a few kilometres from Tartu city centre, is one of the best inland birdwatching areas in Estonia, with over 220 species recorded. In spring, more than 85,000 Greater White-Fronted Geese and Tundra Bean Geese have been counted in a single season.
Lake Peipsi is a critical stopover on the migratory route, with nearly the entire population of Bewick’s swans passing through in autumn on their way to wintering grounds in Western Europe. The bogs of Meenikunno add a third completely different habitat: flat, open and rich in species that prefer wet, undisturbed land.
Thanks to the large forest areas and suitable habitats, six species of eagle can be seen in South Estonia as well as eight of nine European woodpecker species.

Best spots
Target species
South Estonia is where several species appear that are becoming increasingly rare or difficult to find elsewhere in Europe. A short list of what brings ornithologists here specifically
When to come
Birding season begins as early as March. Spring migration culminates in mid-May and the observation season winds down by mid-June. The biggest waterfowl migration occurs in March and April and again in September and October. Forest birds like woodpeckers and owls are easiest to spot in spring.
Summer is quieter for migration but the breeding season brings white and black storks, corncrakes and a full forest of species that stay all season. Winter has its own rewards – owls are more visible and the open landscape makes spotting easier.











